Cardiovascular diseases have been going to be a serious public health problem worldwide and carry considerable morbidity and mortality. It contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome. These cardiovascular diseases are epidemic changing characteristically adult disease into childhood. Hence, identification of factors promoting cardiovascular risks has been emphasized in children.
Vitamin D has been associated with cardiovascular diseases. The mechanism of vitamin D in protecting against cardiovascular disease has not been fully elucidated. Vitamin D deficiency may be common in infant including in Indonesia where sun exposure is adequate. Therefore, it is important to study whether vitamin D deficiency in infant and their 1000 days of early life is associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular risk. This is of importance to formulate an effective prevention strategy for the development of cardiovascular diseases in this particular golden period of life to prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases in later life.